The differences in the development of settlements in Carolina can be attributed to a variety of factors, but the most significant among the options provided would be they had different colonial charters.
The northern and southern parts of Carolina, known as North Carolina and South Carolina, were initially governed under different charters and developed distinct economic systems and social structures. The Southern colonies were focused on plantation agriculture and cash crops like rice and indigo, while the Northern colonies were more focused on small-scale farming and trade. This differentiation in colonization strategies significantly influenced the development of each area.