what is Viruses and bacteria can infect a host organism (plant, animal, human or a bacterium) and may cause illness. called

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Viruses and bacteria that can infect a host organism and may cause illness are referred to as pathogens. Pathogens are microorganisms that can lead to disease, and they can affect a wide range of hosts, including plants, animals, and humans. Pathogens include not just viruses and bacteria, but also other types of infectious agents such as fungi and parasites.