In Mendel's monohybrid crosses, he observed a phenotypic ratio of 3:1 in the F2 generation. This means that when he crossed two heterozygous individuals (Bb) for a trait, the offspring would typically display three individuals with the dominant phenotype for every one individual with the recessive phenotype.
For example, in his classic experiments with pea plants, Mendel crossed pea plants with purple flowers (dominant) with those having white flowers (recessive). The F1 generation all had purple flowers, but when the F1 plants were self-pollinated, the F2 generation exhibited the 3:1 ratio of purple to white flowers.
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