The perimeter \( P \) of a rectangle is given by the formula:
\[ P = 2 \times ( \text{length} + \text{width} ) \]
For a rectangle with a length of 10 units and a width of 5 units:
\[ P = 2 \times (10 + 5) = 2 \times 15 = 30 \text{ units} \]
So, the perimeter is \( \text{C. } 30 \).