To solve for \( x \) in the equation \( 45 = x - 12 \), you need to isolate \( x \). This can be done by performing the inverse operation of subtraction, which is addition.
So, the inverse operation needed is Addition.
You would add 12 to both sides of the equation:
\[ 45 + 12 = x \]
This simplifies to:
\[ x = 57 \]