The frequency \( f \) of a wave is the reciprocal of its period \( T \), which can be expressed with the following formula:
\[ f = \frac{1}{T} \]
Given that the period \( T = 18 \) seconds, we can calculate the frequency:
\[ f = \frac{1}{18 \text{ seconds}} \approx 0.0556 \text{ hertz} \]
Now, we can convert this to scientific notation:
\[ 0.0556 \text{ hertz} = 5.56 \times 10^{-2} \text{ hertz} \]
The option that is closest to this value is:
B. \( 5.5 \times 10^{-2} \text{ hertz} \)