The equation for the axis of symmetry of a parabola given in vertex form \( y = a(x - h)^2 + k \) is \( x = h \), where \( (h, k) \) is the vertex of the parabola.
For the equation you provided:
\[ y = 3(x - 1)^2 - 12 \]
Here, \( h = 1 \) and \( k = -12 \). Hence, the axis of symmetry is:
\[ x = 1 \]
So, the equation for the axis of symmetry is \( x = 1 \).