I take we are talking about fractional distillation.
a. In terms of the separation a small amount of a soluble nonvolatile impurity will have no effect. There will be a small increase in each of the boiling points, which are already well separated.
b. A decrease in the barometric pressure will bring the boiling points closer together and thus more theoretical plates are needed to achieve separation. Or, if you like with the same apparatus, a poorer separation.
c. An increase in barometric pressure will increase the separation of the boiling points, so less theoretical plates needed. Or, if you like with the same apparatus, a better separation.
d. Not quite sure what is meant by this. Is the implication that the vapour is not at equilibrium?
What is the effect of the following on the separation of the mixture(hexane and toluene)?
a. A soluble, nonvolatile impurity
b. a decrease in barometric pressure
c. an increase in barometric pressure
d. rapid heating rate
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