What is the effect of changing temperature on the Arctic Ocean as observed by scientists over the last few decades? (1 point)

Answer 1

The effect of changing temperature on the Arctic Ocean as observed by scientists over the last few decades is the significant warming of the region. The Arctic has been warming at a faster rate than the rest of the planet, a phenomenon known as Arctic amplification. This rising temperature has led to several effects, including:

1. Reduction in sea ice extent: The Arctic sea ice has been declining rapidly, with the extent and thickness of sea ice diminishing over the years. This has consequences for various Arctic ecosystems, as well as global climate patterns.

2. Thawing of permafrost: The warming temperature has caused the permafrost, or permanently frozen ground, in the Arctic to thaw. This has resulted in the release of previously trapped carbon and methane, contributing to greenhouse gas emissions and further amplifying global warming.

3. Changing ecosystems: The warming Arctic has led to alterations in various ecosystems, affecting both marine and terrestrial life. Species' ranges have shifted, and the timing of migration, breeding, and other critical life events have been disrupted.

4. Ocean acidification: The increased absorption of carbon dioxide in the ocean due to human activities has led to ocean acidification. This phenomenon can negatively impact marine organisms, such as shell-forming organisms like mollusks and corals, which depend on calcium carbonate to build their shells or skeletons.

Overall, the changing temperature in the Arctic Ocean over the last few decades has had profound effects on the region's ecosystem, sea ice coverage, and global climate patterns, with potential consequences for both human and natural systems.