The uterus, also known as the womb, is a hollow, muscular organ in the female reproductive system. It is located in the pelvis, between the bladder and the rectum. The uterus has several key features:
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Structure: The uterus is shaped like an inverted pear and consists of three main layers:
- Endometrium: The innermost lining that thickens during the menstrual cycle to support implantation of a fertilized egg and is shed during menstruation if fertilization does not occur.
- Myometrium: The middle layer made up of smooth muscle, which contracts during labor to help deliver the baby.
- Perimetrium: The outermost layer, a protective membrane that covers the uterus.
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Function: The primary functions of the uterus include:
- Providing a site for implantation of a fertilized egg.
- Supporting fetal development during pregnancy.
- Facilitating childbirth through muscular contractions.
- Playing a role in the menstrual cycle by shedding the endometrium if pregnancy does not occur.
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Anatomy: The uterus is divided into several parts:
- Fundus: The uppermost rounded part.
- Body: The main region of the uterus where the fetus develops.
- Cervix: The narrow, lower part that opens into the vagina and serves as a passage for sperm and menstrual fluid, as well as a birth canal during delivery.
Overall, the uterus is a vital organ in the reproductive system, playing essential roles in menstruation, pregnancy, and childbirth.
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