What is the balanced redox reaction for the following in basic conditions?

Cd (s) + NO3 ^- (aq) → Cd ^+ (aq) +NO (g)

3 answers

To balance the redox reaction in basic conditions, follow these steps:
1. Write down the unbalanced equation:
Cd (s) + NO3^- (aq) → Cd^+ (aq) + NO (g)

2. Split the reaction into two half-reactions: oxidation and reduction.

Oxidation half-reaction:
Cd(s) → Cd^+ (aq)

Reduction half-reaction:
NO3^- (aq) → NO(g)

3. Balance the atoms in the half-reactions:

Oxidation half-reaction:
Cd(s) → Cd^+ (aq) + 2e^-

Reduction half-reaction:
4H2O(l) + 3NO3^- (aq) + 8e^- → 3NO(g) + 12OH^-(aq)

4. Balance the charge in the half-reactions by adding electrons:

Oxidation half-reaction:
Cd(s) → Cd^+ (aq) + 2e^-

Reduction half-reaction:
4H2O(l) + 3NO3^- (aq) + 8e^- → 3NO(g) + 12OH^-(aq) + 8e^-

5. Multiply the half-reactions by appropriate numbers to make the number of electrons equal:

Multiplying the oxidation half-reaction by 4 to balance the electrons:
4Cd(s) → 4Cd^+ (aq) + 8e^-

Multiplying the reduction half-reaction by 1 to balance the electrons:
4H2O(l) + 3NO3^- (aq) + 8e^- → 3NO(g) + 12OH^-(aq) + 8e^-

6. Combine the half-reactions:

4Cd(s) + 4H2O(l) + 3NO3^- (aq) → 4Cd^+ (aq) + 3NO(g) + 12OH^-(aq)

7. Simplify by removing spectator ions or molecules:

Cancel out the 8e^- on both sides:
4Cd(s) + 4H2O(l) + 3NO3^- (aq) → 4Cd^+ (aq) + 3NO(g) + 12OH^-(aq)

8. Check the overall charge and mass on both sides to ensure the equation is balanced.
Cancel out the 8e^- on both sides:
4Cd(s) + 4H2O(l) + 3NO3^- (aq) → 4Cd^+ (aq) + 3NO(g) + 12OH^-(aq)
Apologies for the mistake. Let's correct the balanced equation:

To cancel out the 8 electrons, we can multiply the oxidation half-reaction by 8 and the reduction half-reaction by 3:

Oxidation half-reaction:
8Cd(s) → 8Cd^+ (aq) + 16e^-

Reduction half-reaction:
12H2O(l) + 9NO3^- (aq) + 24e^- → 9NO(g) + 36OH^-(aq)

Now, let's combine the half-reactions:

8Cd(s) + 12H2O(l) + 9NO3^- (aq) → 8Cd^+ (aq) + 9NO(g) + 36OH^-(aq)

The balanced redox reaction in basic conditions is:

8Cd(s) + 12H2O(l) + 9NO3^- (aq) → 8Cd^+ (aq) + 9NO(g) + 36OH^-(aq)