There are several good articles here:
http://www.google.com/search?q=history+of+presbyterian+church&rls=com.microsoft:en-us:IE-SearchBox&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&sourceid=ie7&rlz=1I7SUNA
What is some History Of the Presbyterian Church
2 answers
I would also search on Calvin, and the Reformation. Calvins ideas, born in the protestant reformation, were the foundation of the Presbyterian Church. However, one has to be aware of the fact that many early "preacher"varied the flavor of beliefs, and the doctrine varied in the early Calvinistic church, especially with the ideas toward religious symbols, art, icons, child baptism, etc. It is difficult to generalize on churches origins during this period of history.