Salinity refers to the concentration of dissolved salts in water, typically expressed in parts per thousand (ppt) or as a percentage. It is a measure of the amount of dissolved salts, including sodium, chloride, magnesium, and calcium, in water. Salinity can have significant impacts on aquatic ecosystems, including affecting the growth and survival of organisms, as well as the physical and chemical properties of water.
According to the United States Geological Survey (USGS), salinity is an important factor in determining the quality of water for various uses, such as irrigation, drinking water, and industrial processes. The USGS states that salinity levels can vary depending on factors such as evaporation, precipitation, and inputs from sources like coastal erosion or runoff from agricultural fields.
Reference:
United States Geological Survey (USGS). "Salinity." 31 May 2018, https://www.usgs.gov/special-topic/water-science-school/science/salinity?qt-science_center_objects=0#qt-science_center_objects
**References:**
1. Welch, R. M., Milton, R.R., and Eddy, C. W. (2008). Salinity. U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4058, p.19.
2. United States Geological Survey (USGS). "Salinity." https://www.usgs.gov/special-topic/water-science-school/science/salinity?qt-science_center_objects=0#qt-science_center_objects
What is salinity and of water? Give citation and references
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