The monomers of carbohydrates are simple sugars known as monosaccharides. Common examples of monosaccharides include:
- Glucose - a primary energy source for cells.
- Fructose - found in many fruits and is sweeter than glucose.
- Galactose - part of lactose, the sugar found in milk.
These monosaccharides can combine in various ways to form disaccharides (like sucrose and lactose) and polysaccharides (like starch and cellulose).