A computer network is a collection of interconnected devices that can communicate and share resources with each other. These devices can include computers, servers, routers, switches, and other hardware, as well as software applications. Networks can vary in size and complexity, ranging from small local area networks (LANs) that connect a few devices within a home or office, to wide area networks (WANs) that span large geographic areas, such as the internet.
Key components of a computer network include:
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Devices: These include computers, smartphones, servers, printers, and other peripherals that connect to the network.
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Transmission Media: The physical or wireless medium through which data is transmitted, such as Ethernet cables, fiber optics, or radio waves.
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Protocols: Rules and conventions for communication between network devices. Common protocols include TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol), HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol), and FTP (File Transfer Protocol).
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Network Topologies: The arrangement or layout of devices in a network. Common topologies include star, ring, bus, and mesh.
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Network Hardware: Devices that help manage and facilitate communication in the network, such as routers, switches, and access points.
Computer networks enable various functionalities, such as file sharing, online communication, remote access, and networked applications, making them essential for both personal and business environments.