Biochemistry is the branch of science that explores the chemical processes and substances that occur within living organisms. It merges principles from both biology and chemistry to understand the molecular mechanisms that underpin various biological functions. Biochemists study the structure, function, and interactions of biomolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids (DNA and RNA), carbohydrates, and lipids.
Key areas of focus within biochemistry include:
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Metabolism: Understanding the biochemical pathways that convert food into energy and the building blocks required by the body.
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Enzyme Function: Investigating how enzymes catalyze chemical reactions and regulate metabolic pathways.
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Genetics: Exploring how genetic information is stored, replicated, and expressed at the molecular level.
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Cell Signaling: Examining how cells communicate and respond to their environment through chemical signals.
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Molecular Biology: Studying the interactions and functions of biological macromolecules, including the mechanisms of gene expression.
Biochemistry plays a critical role in various fields such as medicine, genetics, pharmacology, and biotechnology, and it helps inform our understanding of diseases, drug development, and the biochemical basis of life.
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