The correct answer is: the statement that explains the central idea, claim, or focus of a text.
An explanatory text is designed to inform and clarify certain subjects by presenting facts and information that elucidate the central ideas or themes. This type of writing often aims to explain complex concepts and provide a clear understanding of the topic to the reader. While the other options may relate to aspects of writing, they do not specifically capture the essence of an explanatory text, which is primarily about explaining and clarifying the main ideas.