The most effective strategy to reduce the risk of cancer from the options provided is to avoid tobacco and alcohol. Tobacco use is a leading cause of various types of cancer, and excessive alcohol consumption is also linked to several cancers.
The other options, such as avoiding whole grains, eating lots of processed foods, and exposing the skin to strong ultraviolet rays, would not be beneficial for cancer prevention and may actually increase risk.
Incorporating a balanced diet rich in whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and lean proteins, alongside a healthy lifestyle that includes regular exercise and sun protection, can further contribute to cancer risk reduction.