What is a key limitation of observational studies?(1 point) Responses They can establish a cause-and-effect relationship between variables. They can establish a cause-and-effect relationship between variables. They allow researchers to randomly assign participants to groups. They allow researchers to randomly assign participants to groups. They are prone to lurking variables that can affect the results. They are prone to lurking variables that can affect the results. They require active manipulation of variables by the researcher.

Answer 1

A key limitation of observational studies is that they are prone to lurking variables that can affect the results. This means that other factors, not accounted for, may influence the relationship between the studied variables, making it difficult to establish a clear cause-and-effect relationship.