The two environmental impacts caused by both surface mining and underground mining are:
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Local water contamination - Both types of mining can lead to contamination of local water sources due to the leaching of harmful chemicals and minerals.
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Destruction of ecosystems - Both surface and underground mining can disrupt and destroy local ecosystems, affecting flora and fauna in the area.
Other options like sinkhole formation, destruction from overburden, and release of underground gases can be more specific to either surface or underground mining but do not apply equally to both mining methods.