Migration Period architecture refers to the architectural style that developed in Europe during the Migration Period, also known as the Early Middle Ages, from the 4th to the 9th century. This style emerged after the decline of the Roman Empire and was influenced by various cultures, including the Germanic, Celtic, Byzantine, and early Christian traditions.
The key characteristics of Migration Period architecture include:
1. Post and Beam Construction: Structures were built with a framework of vertical posts and horizontal beams, often with walls made of wattle and daub or timber. This construction method allowed for flexible and adaptable buildings.
2. Rood Screens: These were partition screens placed between the sanctuary and the nave in churches. They were typically ornate and served as a decorative element.
3. Wide Use of Timber: Wood was a prevalent material in construction during this period due to its abundance and ease of use. Timber was used for both structural elements and decorative carvings.
4. Decorative Anglo-Saxon and Viking Art: Intricate carvings and ornamental designs, such as the use of intertwining animal motifs (interlace), were common features in buildings, showcasing the artistic skills of this era.
5. Circular Plan Churches: Some churches were built in a circular or polygonal plan, reflecting a departure from the rectangular basilica plans of the Roman period. These structures were often small, reflecting the decentralized nature of early medieval Christianity.
6. Hillforts and Defensive Structures: Migration Period architecture also includes forts and defensive structures, such as hillforts and moated sites. These were often constructed for protection against invasions and raids from rival groups.
7. Integration of Roman Architectural Elements: Although the Roman Empire had declined, some architectural elements from this period were still incorporated into buildings, particularly in regions previously under Roman influence. These elements might include columns, arches, and decorative motifs.
It is important to note that Migration Period architecture varied across different regions of Europe and evolved over time as new influences and cultural interactions shaped the architectural styles.
what does Migration Period architecture look like
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