The black lines on a spectrum produced by a spectroscope indicate absorption lines. These lines occur when specific wavelengths of light are absorbed by elements or compounds in a gas or a cooler solid. When light passes through a substance, certain wavelengths are absorbed by the electrons in the atoms, which causes the spectrum to display dark lines at those particular wavelengths.
The resulting pattern of black lines corresponds to the specific energy levels of the electrons in the atoms of the material, allowing scientists to identify the presence of certain elements and understand their properties. This phenomenon is known as absorption spectroscopy and is an essential tool in fields such as astronomy, chemistry, and physics for analyzing the composition of various substances.
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