When the Second Continental Congress convened in May 1775, it achieved several significant accomplishments amid the growing tensions between the American colonies and Britain. Here are some of the key actions and decisions made during that period:
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Military Organization: The Congress took significant steps to organize a Continental Army to defend the colonies against British military actions. They appointed George Washington as the commander-in-chief of this new army on June 15, 1775, which was a crucial strategic decision.
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Management of War Efforts: The Congress began to manage the war efforts against Britain. This included overseeing military supplies, troop movements, and the coordination of various colonial militias.
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Diplomatic Initiatives: The Congress sought to establish diplomatic relations, both among the colonies and with foreign nations. They sent representatives to Europe to seek support for the American cause.
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Response to Hostilities: Following the battles of Lexington and Concord in April 1775, the Congress addressed the conflict's escalation and adopted measures to respond to British military actions.
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Drafting of the Olive Branch Petition: In July 1775, despite the escalating conflict, the Congress sent the Olive Branch Petition to King George III in an attempt to reconcile with Britain and avoid further war. Although it was meant to appeal for peace, it was ultimately rejected.
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Declaration of the Causes and Necessity of Taking Up Arms: In July 1775, the Congress issued a declaration explaining the necessity of armed resistance against Britain, which outlined the colonies' grievances and justified their actions.
The Second Continental Congress played a critical role in directing the early stages of the American Revolutionary War and represented a unifying body for the colonies in their fight for independence.
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