D. Religion
The exchange of Islam along the Indian Ocean trade network had a profound impact on East Africa. As traders and merchants from the Arabian Peninsula and other regions engaged in commerce with East African coastal communities, they brought their religious beliefs with them. This led to the spread of Islam in the region, significantly influencing local cultures, practices, and social structures. The establishment of trade connections also facilitated the blending of Islamic and African traditions, enriching the cultural landscape of East Africa.