The correct responses are:
- They appear as dark spots on the sun's surface. (This applies to sunspots.)
- They tend to occur during active periods of the solar cycle. (Sunspots, solar flares, and coronal mass ejections are all more common during solar maximum, the peak of the solar cycle.)
Note: While solar flares and coronal mass ejections are not described as "dark spots," they are indeed related to the magnetic activity of the Sun, and they are associated with active periods.