The changing of seasons is primarily caused by the tilt of Earth's axis and its orbit around the sun. Earth's axis is tilted at an angle of about 23.5 degrees relative to its orbit, which means that different parts of the planet receive varying amounts of sunlight throughout the year.
During summer, in the hemisphere that is tilted towards the sun, the sun's rays hit that part of the Earth more directly and for a longer duration, leading to longer days and more intense sunlight. This results in warmer temperatures and the season of summer.
In contrast, during winter, the hemisphere that is tilted away from the sun receives sunlight at a much lower angle, and the days are shorter, leading to less intense sunlight and colder temperatures.
Spring and autumn occur when the tilt of the Earth's axis causes neither hemisphere to be tilted towards or away from the sun as much. These transitional seasons experience more balanced daylight and temperature patterns.
As the Earth completes one orbit around the sun, the axis remains tilted in the same direction, causing the cycle of seasons to repeat each year.
What causes the seasons?
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