El Niño is a complex climatic phenomenon characterized by the periodic warming of sea surface temperatures in the central and eastern Pacific Ocean. This warming disrupts normal weather patterns and occurs every few years, typically lasting several months. In Latin America, El Niño can lead to a variety of effects, including increased rainfall and flooding in the western coastal regions, particularly in countries like Peru and Ecuador, which can cause significant damage to infrastructure and agriculture. Conversely, other areas, such as parts of Central America and northern South America, may experience drought conditions, negatively impacting water supply and crop production. Overall, the diverse impacts of El Niño can lead to significant environmental, economic, and humanitarian challenges across the region.
What causes the natural event called El Niño? In a short paragraph, describe El Niño and the effects it has on Latin America.
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