What causes Sunspots and why do they appear dark?

Question

Sunspot - Wikipedia

a
The Sun's magnetic fields cause plasma on the surface to cool down and turn dark
b
Extreme solar winds push the plasma to different locations, causing it to change color
c
Larger than normal fusion reactions occur in the core, causing dark sunspots to bubble up to the surface.

Answer 1

The correct answer is:

a. The Sun's magnetic fields cause plasma on the surface to cool down and turn dark.

Sunspots are regions on the Sun's surface that are cooler than their surroundings due to intense magnetic activity. These magnetic fields inhibit the convection process of plasma, which leads to a decrease in temperature in these areas. Since they are cooler than the surrounding areas, they appear darker when observed, hence the name "sunspot."