A hiatus hernia occurs when part of the stomach pushes up through the diaphragm into the chest cavity. The diaphragm is the muscle that separates the chest from the abdomen and plays a role in breathing. There are several factors that can contribute to the development of a hiatus hernia:
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Increased Pressure: Elevated pressure in the abdominal cavity can lead to a hiatus hernia. Factors that contribute to increased abdominal pressure include obesity, pregnancy, chronic coughing, straining during bowel movements, and heavy lifting.
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Age: As people age, the muscles and tissues of the diaphragm can weaken, making it easier for a hernia to develop.
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Genetics: Some individuals may have a genetic predisposition to developing hiatus hernias, as structural weaknesses in the diaphragm can be hereditary.
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Connective Tissue Disorders: Conditions that affect connective tissues, such as Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, can increase the risk of hernias due to weakened structures.
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Trauma or Injury: Abdominal surgery or trauma to the area may also contribute to the formation of a hernia.
There are two main types of hiatus hernias: sliding hiatus hernias and paraesophageal hiatus hernias, each with different characteristics and implications for health. Sliding hernias are more common, where the stomach and the section of the esophagus that joins the stomach slide up into the thorax. Paraesophageal hernias, which are less common, involve part of the stomach pushing through the hiatus next to the esophagus, potentially leading to more severe complications.
If you're concerned about symptoms related to hiatus hernia or risk factors, it's best to consult a healthcare provider for assessment and guidance.
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