The disappearance of the Indus Valley Civilization is a subject of ongoing research and debate among historians and archaeologists. The primary theories suggest that a combination of factors may have contributed to its decline, including:
-
Drought: There is evidence that climate change may have led to prolonged droughts, which could have affected agriculture and water supplies.
-
Heavy flooding: Conversely, some regions may have experienced heavy monsoons and flooding, which could have devastated settlements.
-
Foreign invaders: Some hypotheses suggest that invasions or migrations from outside groups could have disrupted the civilization.
-
No known cause: There is also a possibility that the decline was due to a combination of various factors rather than a single cause.
Given these points, if you have to choose one response from your list, "drought" is often highlighted in discussions about the civilization's decline, but it's essential to recognize that the true cause may never be fully understood. The most accurate choice among the options given might be "drought."