Scientists can learn the following from magnetic striping patterns:
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The direction plates are moving relative to each other - Magnetic striping helps determine the relative motion of tectonic plates based on the orientation of magnetic minerals in seafloor rocks.
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The speed of one plate as it subducts below another plate - The age of the magnetic stripes can be used to calculate the rate of plate movement, including subduction rates.
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The cause of magnetic pole reversals - While magnetic striping doesn’t directly explain the cause, it provides evidence of past magnetic reversals, contributing to the understanding of the Earth's magnetic field changes over geological time.
The other options provided (exact location of the next earthquake, year of the next magnetic reversal, and location of ancient faults) are not directly determined through magnetic striping patterns.