Scientists can learn the following from magnetic striping patterns:
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The cause of magnetic pole reversals - Magnetic striping provides evidence of the history of Earth's magnetic field, including reversals in polarity.
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The direction plates are moving relative to each other - The patterns of magnetic striping on either side of mid-ocean ridges indicate how tectonic plates are moving apart.
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The speed of one plate as it subducts below another plate - Magnetic striping can also help determine the rates at which tectonic plates move, including rates of subduction.
The other options, such as predicting the exact location of the next earthquake or the year of the next magnetic reversal, are not directly derivable from magnetic striping patterns.