The Mayans and Aztecs shared several areas of scientific knowledge, particularly in the fields of astronomy, mathematics, and agriculture.
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Astronomy: Both civilizations had advanced understanding of celestial bodies and their movements. They created complex calendars based on astronomical observations, with the Mayans developing the Tzolk'in and the Haab' calendars, while the Aztecs had the Tonalpohualli and Xiuhpohualli.
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Mathematics: Both cultures used a vigesimal (base-20) numerical system. The Mayans developed an intricate understanding of mathematics that included the concept of zero, while the Aztecs also utilized sophisticated mathematical techniques for trade and astronomy.
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Agriculture: Both societies practiced advanced agricultural techniques. They utilized methods such as terracing, irrigation, and crop rotation to improve yields. The cultivation of staple crops like maize, beans, and squash was prevalent in both cultures.
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Medicine: Both the Mayans and Aztecs had knowledge of medicinal plants, herbal remedies, and healing practices, although their approaches and specific pharmacopoeias differed.
These commonalities reflect the significant scientific achievements of both civilizations, highlighting their advanced understanding of the world around them.