The two basic types of muscle fibers are:
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Type I fibers (slow-twitch fibers): These fibers are more oxidative and are resistant to fatigue. They are designed for endurance activities and can sustain prolonged contractions. Type I fibers rely primarily on aerobic metabolism and have a higher concentration of mitochondria and myoglobin, which give them their red color.
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Type II fibers (fast-twitch fibers): These fibers are more anaerobic and are designed for short bursts of power and speed. Type II fibers can be further subdivided into Type IIa (fast oxidative) and Type IIb (fast glycolytic) fibers. Type IIa fibers have some endurance capabilities and can use both aerobic and anaerobic metabolism, whereas Type IIb fibers are primarily anaerobic and fatigue more quickly, providing rapid and powerful contractions.
Together, these muscle fiber types enable a range of physical activities, from endurance sports to high-intensity strength training.