What are the significant contributions of camel in food security for lowland community in Ethiopia and why not for Highlanders

Answer 1

The camel has made significant contributions to food security for lowland communities in Ethiopia due to its unique qualities and resilience in harsh environments. Some of these contributions include:

1. Milk and meat production: Camels are a valuable source of milk and meat for lowland communities. They can produce up to 5,000 liters of milk per year, which serves as a vital source of nutrition for families. Camel meat is also a nutrient-rich source of protein.

2. Drought resistance: Camels are well-adapted to survive in arid and semi-arid regions, which are common in lowland areas of Ethiopia. They can endure long periods without water and can feed on dry and thorny vegetation that other livestock cannot consume, making them an important source of food during droughts.

3. Economic empowerment: Camels serve as a source of income for lowland communities. The sale of milk, meat, and other camel products such as hides, hair, and bones helps generate revenue and improve livelihoods for these communities.

However, camels are not commonly used for food security in highland regions of Ethiopia due to several reasons:

1. Ecological suitability: Highland regions generally have a humid and cool climate, which is not typically suitable for camels. These areas are more conducive to the rearing of other livestock such as cattle, sheep, and goats.

2. Cultural preferences: Highland communities often have established traditions and preferences for specific livestock species, such as cattle or sheep, which are considered more suitable for the local environment and cultural practices.

3. Infrastructure limitations: High altitude areas may lack the necessary infrastructure, such as veterinary services and transportation networks, to support camel husbandry effectively.

4. Market demand: The demand for camel products, such as milk and meat, may be limited in highland regions compared to lowland areas. Therefore, the economic viability of camel rearing for food security may be lower in these areas.

Overall, while camels have made substantial contributions to food security in lowland communities in Ethiopia, they are not commonly used for the same purpose in highland regions due to ecological, cultural, and market factors.