There are several diseases and disorders that can affect the basal ganglia, including:
1. Parkinson's disease: This is a degenerative disorder that primarily affects the motor system. It is characterized by symptoms such as tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia (slowness of movement), and postural instability. The basal ganglia's dopamine-producing neurons are primarily affected in Parkinson's disease.
2. Huntington's disease: This is an inherited genetic disorder that leads to the progressive degeneration of the basal ganglia and other brain regions. Symptoms include involuntary jerking or writhing movements (chorea), cognitive decline, and psychiatric symptoms.
3. Dystonia: Dystonia is a movement disorder characterized by involuntary muscle contractions that cause twisting and repetitive movements or abnormal postures. It can affect various body parts and can be focal (affecting only one body part) or generalized (affecting multiple body parts).
4. Tourette syndrome: Tourette syndrome is a neurological disorder characterized by repetitive, involuntary movements and vocalizations called tics. The basal ganglia is involved in the pathophysiology of Tourette syndrome.
5. Wilson's disease: This is a rare inherited disorder that causes excessive accumulation of copper in the body, leading to damage in various organs, including the basal ganglia. Symptoms may include neurological problems, liver disease, and psychiatric symptoms.
6. Sydenham's chorea: Sydenham's chorea is a neurological disorder that can occur as a complication of rheumatic fever. It is characterized by involuntary, rapid, and irregular movements, which can affect the face, limbs, and trunk.
It is important to note that these are just a few examples, and there are other diseases and conditions that can affect the basal ganglia as well. It is always best to consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
WHAT ARE HE DISEASE THAT COMES DUE ON TH BASAL GANGLIA
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