What are Fluids? - Viscosity & Flow Rate

Question

Key terms from this lesson → Fluids, Viscosity, Flow Rate, Laminar Flow, Turbulent Flow and Eddy Flow.

Answer 1

Fluids are substances that have the ability to flow and take the shape of their container. They can be either liquids or gases.

Viscosity is a measure of a fluid's resistance to flow. It is the internal friction of a fluid that resists its flow. Viscosity is influenced by factors such as temperature, pressure, and the composition of the fluid.

Flow rate is the volume of fluid that passes through a given surface per unit of time. It is often measured in liters per minute or cubic meters per second. Flow rate is affected by factors such as the viscosity of the fluid, the pressure gradient, and the size and shape of the container.

Laminar flow occurs when fluid flows in parallel layers, with little to no mixing between the layers. This type of flow is characterized by smooth, predictable flow patterns.

Turbulent flow, on the other hand, is chaotic and irregular. It is characterized by eddies and swirls in the flow, leading to mixing and increased energy loss. Turbulent flow occurs at higher flow rates or in more complex geometries.

Eddy flow refers to the pockets of swirling fluid that form within the flow due to changes in direction or velocity. These eddies can create turbulence and disrupt the flow pattern.