Carboxylic acids are organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group (-COOH) attached to a hydrocarbon chain. They are weak acids that are characterized by having a polarity due to the presence of the carboxyl group. The carboxyl group consists of a carbonyl group (C=O) and a hydroxyl group (OH) attached to the same carbon atom.
Carboxylic acids are named based on the parent alkane chain, with the -e ending replaced by -oic acid. For example, ethane becomes ethanoic acid (acetic acid). They can vary in chain length and complexity, with common examples including acetic acid (vinegar), citric acid (found in citrus fruits), and palmitic acid (found in palm oil).
Carboxylic acids can undergo various chemical reactions, including acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. They are used in a variety of industries, including food and beverage (as preservatives and flavoring agents), pharmaceuticals (as active ingredients in medications), and in the production of polymers and plastics.
Overall, carboxylic acids play a crucial role in organic chemistry and have a wide range of applications in different fields.
What are Carboxylic Acids? (Full Descriptions)
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