Volcanoes release large quantities of hot smoke into the sky. Which thermal energy transfer process is responsible for sending the hot smoke up into the sky?

Question

(1 point)
Responses

convection because it causes the warmer air to rise up and the cooler more dense air to sink to the bottom.
convection because it causes the warmer air to rise up and the cooler more dense air to sink to the bottom.

radiation because it causes thermal energy to transfer through direct contact.
radiation because it causes thermal energy to transfer through direct contact.

conduction because it causes warmer air to rise up and the cooler more dense air to sink to the ground.
conduction because it causes warmer air to rise up and the cooler more dense air to sink to the ground.

conduction because it causes the heat to transfer through the electromagnetic waves into the sky.

Answer 1

The correct response is:

convection because it causes the warmer air to rise up and the cooler more dense air to sink to the bottom.

Convection is the thermal energy transfer process that occurs in fluids (liquids and gases) where warmer, less dense material rises, and cooler, denser material sinks, creating a circulation pattern. In the case of volcanic eruptions, the hot smoke and gases released are less dense than the surrounding cooler air, causing them to rise.