Volcanic arcs and island arcs are both created by what?

Question

a
Movement at a transform boundary creates seismic waves, which shapes the land at the surface into a volcano.
b
Collison between two Continental Crusts produces enough friction to heat a pocket of lava on the surface
c
Lightning strikes a Non-Volcanic Mountain, creating a crater, and heating the area underneath to form magma.
d
Collision and Subduction of an oceanic plate with any other kind of plate, both turns the subducted crust back into lava, and creates a crack to the crust for lava to escape, therefore creating a volcano

Answer 1

The correct answer is:

d Collision and Subduction of an oceanic plate with any other kind of plate, both turns the subducted crust back into lava, and creates a crack to the crust for lava to escape, therefore creating a volcano.

Volcanic arcs are formed at convergent plate boundaries where an oceanic plate subducts beneath either another oceanic plate or a continental plate, leading to the formation of magma and volcanic activity. Island arcs, on the other hand, occur when one oceanic plate subducts beneath another oceanic plate, resulting in a chain of volcanic islands.