Vertical columns on the periodic table.

Answer 1

The periodic table is arranged in vertical columns known as groups or families. Each group contains elements with similar properties and the same number of valence electrons. There are eight main groups labeled 1-8, and within these main groups, there are subgroups labeled with letters such as A or B. The elements in a group share similar chemical behavior because they have the same number of valence electrons, which determines their chemical reactivity. These vertical columns help scientists understand patterns and trends in the properties and behavior of elements.