Chromium can exhibit multiple valencies, primarily +2, +3, and +6. The common oxidation states of chromium are:
- +2 (Chromous) - This state is less common and typically found in some compounds.
- +3 (Chromic) - This is one of the most stable and common oxidation states of chromium, found in many compounds, including chromium(III) oxide (Cr2O3).
- +6 (Chromate) - This is another significant oxidation state, often found in compounds like potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) and is known for its toxicity.
These different valencies allow chromium to participate in a variety of chemical reactions and form numerous compounds with varying properties.