Using the results from the virtual stream table activity above, describe at least two differences between the rivers that form when the riverbed gradient is high versus low.

1 answer

When the riverbed gradient is high, it means that the change in elevation of the riverbed over a given distance is steep. On the other hand, when the riverbed gradient is low, it means that the change in elevation of the riverbed over a given distance is more gradual.

1. Velocity: One difference between rivers formed with high and low riverbed gradients is the velocity of the water flow. When the riverbed gradient is high, the water flows at a faster speed down the steep slope. This results in a higher velocity of the water in the river. Conversely, when the riverbed gradient is low, the water flows at a slower speed due to the gentle slope, resulting in a lower velocity.

2. Erosion and deposition: Another difference can be observed in the processes of erosion and deposition. When the riverbed gradient is high, the faster-moving water has more energy to transport sediments and erode the riverbed and its banks. This can result in the formation of steep river valleys and the removal of a significant amount of sediment. On the contrary, when the riverbed gradient is low, the slower-moving water has less energy for erosion and deposition. As a result, sediments tend to settle and deposit, leading to the formation of wider floodplains and deltas.