Here's how the facts apply to Sparta, Athens, or Both:
| Fact | Sparta | Athens | Both | |---------------------------------|--------------|--------------|-------------| | Military life | ✔️ | | | | Oligarchy | ✔️ | | | | Democracy | | ✔️ | | | They spoke Greek | | | ✔️ | | They had a social class system | ✔️ | ✔️ | | | Luxury | | ✔️ | |
Explanations:
- Military life: Sparta was known for its militaristic society, while Athens emphasized education and culture.
- Oligarchy: Sparta was ruled by a small group of leaders (two kings and a council of elders).
- Democracy: Athens is famous for developing democracy, where citizens participated in decision-making.
- They spoke Greek: Both Sparta and Athens were Greek city-states, and thus both spoke the Greek language.
- They had a social class system: Both had social hierarchies, though structured differently (Sparta with its rigid class of Spartiates, Helots, and Perioikoi; Athens with citizens, metics, and slaves).
- Luxury: Athens was known for its cultural achievements and luxury, while Sparta emphasized austerity and simplicity.