The correct analysis of the timeliness reflects that both Catholic and Protestant leaders made life difficult for European Jews during the 1500s. Key events such as the Alhambra decree in 1492, which expelled Jews from Spain, and the establishment of Jewish ghettos in Venice in 1516, indicate systemic exclusion and marginalization of Jewish communities across Europe. Martin Luther's condemnation of Jews in his 1543 essay, along with Pope Paul IV's establishment of the Roman Ghetto and the execution of Jews, highlights a pervasive hostility towards Jews from both Catholic and Protestant leaders.
Thus, it can be concluded that the growth of Antisemitism during this period was not limited to a specific religious group but was a widespread phenomenon affecting Jews throughout Europe, as both Catholic and Protestant authorities contributed to their oppression.