In mathematics, a function is a relation that assigns exactly one output (or value) for each input (or value) from a set, called the domain. Essentially, for every input, there is a unique output. This means that no two different inputs should provide the same output in a function's mapping.
Now, let’s consider the table you provided, which lists the days of the week and the corresponding number of children in a car for each day. This table shows a mathematical function because:
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Unique Output: For each day of the week (the input), there is exactly one corresponding number of children (the output). For instance, on Sunday, there are 2 children; on Monday, there are 4 children, and so forth. No day has more than one number of children associated with it.
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Defined Domain: The inputs (the days of the week) are clearly defined, and each day leads to a specific output (the number of children). There are no days missing from this list, and the relationship maintains the rule of one output per input.
Thus, since this table adheres to the definition of a function, it can be classified as such.