RACE Strategy Response:
Restate the Question: The question asks for evidence demonstrating that the position of women in the Roman Republic was different from that of women in ancient Greece, particularly in the context of household roles.
Answer the Question: The quote by James Donaldson supports the idea that Roman women, specifically the Roman matron, held a more authoritative role within the household compared to their Greek counterparts, particularly during the period of Pericles in Greece.
Cite Evidence: In ancient Rome, women were often recognized as the key figures in managing household affairs. They had more autonomy in domestic matters, as Roman society emphasized the importance of family and household management. For instance, while the husband was typically responsible for external business and political matters, the Roman woman was considered the "mistress" of her household, indicating her central role in daily life and family organization (source: "Women in Ancient Rome" by Judith Hallett, Women's History Network - whn.org.uk).
Explain the Evidence: This autonomy offered to Roman women contrasts sharply with the expectations of Greek women, who were generally confined to a more submissive role. In Greece, especially during Pericles' time, women had very limited public presence and autonomy; they were often expected to remain secluded and were primarily valued for their roles as wives and mothers, with little say in household decisions. The Roman societal structure allowed women more influence over their homes, showcasing a significant cultural difference in the agency and responsibilities of women in these two ancient civilizations.
Conclusion: Therefore, the evidence supports Donaldson's claim that the position of Roman women was distinct from that of Greek women, emphasizing the Roman matron's leadership within the household compared to the more restricted role of Greek women.
Source: "Women in Ancient Rome," Women's History Network, whn.org.uk.