To compare the valence electrons of francium (Fr) and barium (Ba), we first need to identify their positions in the periodic table.
- Barium (Ba) is located in Group 2 and has 2 valence electrons.
- Francium (Fr) is located in Group 1 and has 1 valence electron.
Both elements are in the same period (Period 6 for Francium and Period 5 for Barium), indicating that Francium's electrons are in a higher energy level compared to Barium's.
Given this information, the correct statement from your choices would be:
"Francium has fewer valence electrons, but they are in a higher energy level."