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Use the periodic table to answer the question.

An illustration shows the periodic table of elements. The elements in the periodic table are arranged in groups (columns numbered 1 through 18) and periods (rows numbered 1 through 7) such that the atomic number increases along a period from left to right. The elements are divided into the following categories: · Alkali metals · Alkaline earth metals · Transition metals · Post-transition metals · Lanthanides · Actinides · Metalloids · Nonmetals · Noble gases · Unknown The elements are also classified on the basis of their physical states as follows: · Solid · Liquid · Gas · Unknown The element sulfur is enlarged with the following properties. · Chemical symbol: S · Name: Sulfur · Atomic Number: 16 · Atomic mass: 32.06 · Common oxidation states: 6, 4, 2, negative 2 · Electronegativity: 2.58 · Ionization energies: 999.589 · Electron configuration: [Ne] 3s2 3p4

Which statement correctly compares the valence electrons for atoms of francium (Fr) and barium (Ba)?

(1 point)
Responses

Francium has more valence electrons, and they are in a higher energy level.
Francium has more valence electrons, and they are in a higher energy level.

Francium has fewer valence electrons, but they are in a higher energy level.
Francium has fewer valence electrons, but they are in a higher energy level.

Barium has fewer valence electrons, but they are in a higher energy level.
Barium has fewer valence electrons, but they are in a higher energy level.

Barium has more valence electrons, and they are in a higher energy level.

1 answer

To compare the valence electrons of francium (Fr) and barium (Ba), we need to consider their electron configurations and where they are located in the periodic table.

  • Francium (Fr) is in Group 1 (the alkali metals) and has the electron configuration: [Rn] 7s¹. Therefore, it has 1 valence electron.
  • Barium (Ba) is in Group 2 (the alkaline earth metals) and has the electron configuration: [Xe] 6s². Therefore, it has 2 valence electrons.

Now, we can analyze the statements:

  1. Francium has more valence electrons, and they are in a higher energy level. - Incorrect. Francium has fewer valence electrons (1).

  2. Francium has fewer valence electrons, but they are in a higher energy level. - Correct. Francium has 1 valence electron (fewer than Barium) and it is in the 7th energy level, which is higher than Barium's 6th energy level.

  3. Barium has fewer valence electrons, but they are in a higher energy level. - Incorrect. Barium has more valence electrons (2).

  4. Barium has more valence electrons, and they are in a higher energy level. - Incorrect. While Barium does have more valence electrons, they are not in a higher energy level compared to Francium.

The correct response is:

Francium has fewer valence electrons, but they are in a higher energy level.