To accurately determine the type of mutation that has occurred, we would typically need to see the diagram and understand the specific changes in the DNA or protein sequence it illustrates. However, I can provide a brief overview of each type of mutation mentioned:
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Substitution: One base pair is replaced by another. This can lead to silent mutations, missense mutations, or nonsense mutations depending on the nature of the substitution.
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Deletion: One or more base pairs are deleted from the DNA sequence. This can alter the reading frame (if the number of deleted bases is not a multiple of three), affecting the downstream amino acids.
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Insertion: One or more base pairs are added into the DNA sequence. Like deletions, insertions can cause frameshift mutations if they are not in multiples of three.
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Frameshift: A mutation that shifts the reading frame of the codons in the mRNA, often caused by either insertion or deletion of a number of nucleotides that is not a multiple of three.
Without the actual diagram, if you are looking to identify a frameshift mutation based on the disorder shown, look for either an insertion or deletion that causes the rest of the sequence to shift. If you identify such a shift in codons, then the response would be "frameshift."
If you need a specific answer based on the disorder shown, please provide details or descriptions about the changes illustrated in the diagram.
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